Introduction In the modern periodic table, the elements are organized according to their atomic numbers. There are 7 rows and 18 columns in the periodic table. Noble gases belong to group 18 in the periodic table. The gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. They remain in a gaseous state at normal pressure […]
Introduction Water is considered to be the most important material in the daily life of humans. Not only humans but animals and plants also depend on water for survival. Its molecular formula is \({H_2}O\) where two H atoms are covalently bonded with the O atom. The ratio of the number of H and O atoms is […]
Introduction In the periodic table, all elements are ordered by following their atomic numbers and periodic characteristics. Antoine Lavoisier tried to classify elements as metals or non-metals in 1789. Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner, a German physicist, attempted to assemble atoms in atomic mass-increasing triads later, around 1817, but this method was unsuccessful for all elements. The […]
Introduction The ozone layer is like a savior for earth and mankind. It acts as a protective covering around the surface of the earth. It makes us safe from the ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the sun which directly hits the earth’s surface. The Ozone layer is situated at the end of the second layer […]
Introduction The radioactive materials that exist in the environment cause radioactive pollution. Various environmental conditions that are dangerous to life, are generated by the improper handling of radioactive materials. It has numerous adverse effects on both people and animals as well as the environment. The government should adopt a variety of policies to decrease the […]
Introduction Organic compounds are those in which one or more than one carbon atom is connected with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen via covalent bonds. These organic molecules can be divided based on their structure and the presence of different functional groups. Methane is the smallest organic compound. Classification of organic compounds Organic […]
Introduction Natural fibres are fibres derived from plants and animals that have a wide range of applications in the production of composite materials. Most natural fibres are thought to be effective sweat and moisture absorbers, and different natural fibres can provide a wide range of textures. What are Fibres? Fibres are materials used in the […]
Introduction There is matter in our universe. The matter is anything that maintains a quantity and a space. These things have a fundamental unit that cannot be divided into other parts with various chemical and physical properties. An atom is this fundamental component. An element is a substance that only contains one type of atom. […]
Introduction Atomic orbitals are the three-dimensional spaces that surround the nucleus and are most likely to contain an electron. The atomic orbitals have been combined to create molecular orbitals. They obtain orbitals in quantum theory, some of which are electron shells in the s, p, d, and f configurations. Although orbitals come in a variety […]