Chapter-5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life

Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below from question 1 to 4

1.Which of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?

a) Tundra

b) Himalayan,

c) Tidal,

d) Tropical Evergreen

Explanation:

The correct option is (d) Tropical Evergreen.

Reason - Tropical deciduous woods develop at a range of temperatures and rainfall that are ideal for growing rubber. So, this is the appropriate response.

The incorrect options are: (a), (b), (c)

(a) In the polar area and at high altitudes, tundra forests can be found. This is inappropriate for rubber product farming. Consequently, this is false.

(b) River deltas are close to tidal woods. This is inappropriate for rubber product farming. Consequently, this is false.

(c) The mountainous regions are home to Himalayan flora. They appear in a variety of forms. This is inappropriate for rubber product farming. Consequently, this is false.


2. Cinchona trees are found in areas of rainfall more than

  1. 100 cm, 

  2. 70 cm, 

  3. 50 cm,

  4. less than 50 cm

Explanation:

 The correct answer is (a) 100 cm.

Reason- since Cinchona branches are big plants or small trees with evergreen foliage that can reach heights of 5 to 15 meters, the response 100 cm is accurate. White, pink, or scarlet flowers are arranged in terminal panicles, and the fruit is a tiny capsule filled with numerous grains. These can be discovered where there has been over 100 cm of rainfall. South America is where you can find these plants. There are 23 different Cinchona varieties. It is the right decision.

The incorrect options are: (b), (c), (d)

(b) The response 20 cm is incorrect as Cinchona trees are only found in regions with more than 100 cm of annual rainfall. It can reach a height of 15 meters. Here, it is wrong.

(c) Since these instances occur in regions with rainfall of more than 100 cm, not exceeding 170 cm, the response of 70 cm is incorrect. It is the wrong choice.

(d) Less than 50 cm is an incorrect response because these trees, when fully grown, frequently achieve heights of 50 to 100 cm, but they are only found in regions with more than 100 cm of annual rainfall. As a result, it is the wrong choice.


3.  In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?

a) Punjab

b) Delhi

c) Odisha

d) West Bengal

Explanation:

The correct option is (c) Odisha.

Reason - The Park is located in the Mayurbhanj region of Odisha, India. Simlipal Elephant Sanctuary is a full ecosystem with flora and fauna, including the nearby Ho and Santhal tribal villages and forest vegetation (primarily sal trees). The park is 2,750 square kilometers in size. (1,060 sq. mi). The incorrect options are: (a), (b), (d)


4. Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bio reserves.

a) Manas,

b) Gulf of Mannar,

c) Nilgiri,

d) Nanda Devi

Explanation:

The correct option is (a) Manas.

Reason - Within the context of the United Nations Educational, Man and Biodiversity initiative, a reserve for the biosphere is a distinct and typical environment of land and coastal regions that has gained worldwide recognition. In India, there are 15 ecological zones. The global network of Biosphere parks currently includes four of these biospheres. The first of these four biosphere areas is 

  • Sundarbans, located in West Bengal.

  • Nanda Devi in Uttarakhand, second

  • Tamil Nadu's Gulf of Manner;

  • Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu's Nilgiris.


Answer the following questions briefly from question 5 to 7.

5.What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India

Explanation:

India is a multicultural nation with a wide range of fauna and flora. Favourable topography, the presence of minerals, the abundance of clean water, suitable climatic conditions, and soil fertility are the primary determinants of where plants and animals can be found.


6. What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.

Explanation:

a protected region designated for the preservation of threatened plant and animal species in their natural habitats. Examples include the the Sunder Bans in the Bengal province of West Bengal and the Nanda Devi shrine in Uttaranchal.

Examples - Endangered animal and plant species are safeguarded in ecological reserves.

Future generations will receive this significant legacy (of flora and animals) in all its unadulterated beauty and vitality.

Research for the benefit of biodiversity is permitted in the surrounding regions.


7.  Name two animals having habitats in the tropical and montane types of vegetation.

Explanation:

Elephants and primates are frequent visitors to tropical forests, while Kashmir stags and spotted dear are frequent visitors to montane forests.


8.  Distinguish between

Flora and Fauna

Explanation:

Flora
Fauna
symbolises all plant species
Symbolises all animal species
Almost all people can cook for themselves.
Have to acquire food from plants or other animals Food must be obtained from vegetation or other creatures.
limited movement
People move around
possess a cell membrane
absence of a cell membrane
Sunflowers, grass, and palm palms are some examples of flora.
Wildlife contains animals like tigers, lions, wolves, and livestock.


9. Distinguish between

 Tropical evergreen and deciduous forests

Explanation:

Tropical Evergreen Forest
Tropical Deciduous Forest
The evergreen forests of the tropics are very thick.
Comparatively speaking, tropical deciduous woods are less dense than tropical evergreen ones.
In areas where there is more than 200 centimetres of rainfall, tropical evergreen forests can be found.
There are tropical deciduous forests there where the annual rainfall is between 70 centimetres and 200 cm.
Since there is no specific season for leaf shedding in tropical evergreen woods, the trees there do not all lose the leaves at the exact same time?
During the dry season, trees in deciduous woods lose their leaves for a period of six to eight months.
Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, and Maharashtra are the regions where tropical evergreen forests are most common.
Primarily located in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, the state of Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha are tropical deciduous forests.
Ebony, Mahogany, Rosewood, and other tree types can be discovered in tropical evergreen forests.
Teak, Sal, Sandalwood, and other tree types can be found in tropical forests that are deciduous.


10. Name different types of vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.

Explanation:

The following is a list of the top five vegetation kinds in India: Evergreen tropical forests. Forests of Tropical Deciduous Tropical thorny bushes and forests Alpine Forests Forests of Mangroves Montane Forests - High-Altitude Vegetation.


11.  Several species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?

Explanation:

Due to human beings' overuse of plant and animal resources, the ecology has been severely disrupted. In India, some of the main factors that put species of plants and animals in danger include

  • Reckless use of woods as a resource for agriculture and habitation.

  • Arrival of alien creatures.

  • Acid deposits, industrial refuse, and chemical waste pollution.

  • Illegal hunting conducted by rapacious hunters for profit.

  • 1,300 plant types are endangered, and about 20 species have gone extinct.

  • There are 352 medicinal plants listed on the Red List of the World Conservation Union, 49 of which are endangered and 52 of which are seriously imperilled.


12. Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?

Explanation:

India is renowned for having a diverse legacy of flora and fauna. This is a result of India's diverse terrain and climate. There are so numerous lakes, rivers, peaks, and mountains in India that you can see a wide range of species of plants and animals. India also has a very varied scenery, plant life, climate, and soil types.