Chapter-10 Reaching the age of Adolescence - Extra Questions

Explanation:

Hormones are the chemical compounds that the endocrine glands release. The alterations in the body are brought on by hormones.

Explanation:

Adolescence is the time between the start of adulthood and the onset of puberty. The body goes through a number of changes throughout this time as well as becoming reproductively mature. It begins at around age 11 and finishes at age 18 or 19. Each goes through adolescence at a different time.

Explanation:

Menstruation is the term used to describe the normal monthly process of uterine lining loss. It begins during the female body's reproductive cycle and at puberty. Every month, the uterus gets ready to receive a fertilised egg. As a result, the uterus' inner lining thickens and receives blood to support the developing embryo. If the egg is not fertilised, the uterine lining disintegrates and is expelled via the vagina as blood. This takes place from two to eight days per month. The menstrual cycle is the name given to this monthly cycle.

Explanation:

The following are the changes that occur throughout puberty:

1. The body’s size and weight will unexpectedly increase

2. Areas like the legs, hands, face, and underarms seem to develop hair.

3. The ovary enlarges in females and begins to produce mature eggs; in contrast, in males, the testis expands and begins to produce sperms.

4.  In contrast to women, who experience a widening of the area below the waist, men experience a broadening of the shoulder and a widening of the chest.

5. Excessive oil production from the skin appears to be the cause of acne.

6. Hormones cause the larynx to become more pronounced in boys, and the vocal cords to grow longer and thicker, giving them a gruff voice.

   
   

Explanation:

Sex hormones are the chemicals that the sexual organs create. For instance, testosterone is the name of the sex hormone generated by the testis in males and oestrogen is the name of the sex hormone produced by the ovary in females.

Among the tasks carried out by sex hormones are:

Oestrogen: This hormone causes the growth of secondary sexual traits in females, such as the development of the female reproductive system and swelling of the breasts.

Testosterone: This hormone helps boys acquire secondary sex traits like beard growth, hoarseness in the voice, and the development of the reproductive system.

Explanation:

Adam's apple: In male humans, the larynx expands during puberty and is visible as a protruding portion of the throat. This outgrowth is referred to as the Adam's apple. The larynx grows more pronounced in boys due to sex hormones. As a result, the vocal cords lengthen and thicken, which makes the voice harsh. Yet, the larynx is tiny and rarely noticeable in females. As a result, boys have a deep voice and girls have a high voice.

b) Secondary sexual characters: Secondary sexual characteristics are those that typically manifest during the puberty phase. These characteristics aid in separating the male and female bodies from one another.

Male characteristics include a hoarse voice, a beard's appearance, a large chest, and the development of genital hair.

Female characteristics include the beginning of the menstrual cycle, the development of the breasts, and the growth of hair in the vaginal region.

c) Pregnancy-related sex determination: The pair of sex chromosomes present in the developing baby's cells determines the sex of the unborn child.

Human sex is determined by the X and Y chromosomes. X chromosomes are always present in ovums, while either the X or Y chromosomes can be found in male sperm. In comparison to females, males have 44 autosomes plus the XY chromosome, and vice versa.

Explanation:

Across

1. Adam’s apple

2. Endocrine

3. Pituitary

4. Hormone

5. Insulin

6. Estrogen

Down

1. Testosterone

2. Thyroid

3. Adolescence

4. Target site

5. Larynx

6. Puberty

Explanation:

1. proper diet is needed for the rapid growth taking place in their body.

2. menstruation starts.

3. chapati, dal, vegetables.

   
   

Explanation:

1. Gonadotropin

2. Thyroid

3. Insulin

4. Iodine

   
   

Explanation:

The abrupt growth in height is the most evident physical alteration. The person appears tall because the bones in their arms and legs all of a sudden become long.

Explanation:

In male humans, sexual activity lasts from puberty until 60 or 70 years of age.

Reproductive activity in female humans lasts from puberty until 45 to 50 years of age.

Explanation:

The pancreas produces both glucagon and insulin for secretion.

Blood glucose levels are raised by glucagon, which aids in the breakdown of liver glycogen.

Insulin is a hormone that keeps blood sugar levels stable and lowers blood glucose levels.

Explanation:

Similarity: The armpits and the area above the thighs where the pubic hair grows in on both boys and girls.

Boys have moustaches and beards because of the growth of facial hair.

In girls, the menstrual cycle begins and the breasts develop.

Explanation:

Adolescents  shouldn't engage in sexual activity because

to prevent unintended pregnancy.

in order to avert contracting HIV (AIDS) or any other sexually transmitted illness.

Only when you've established yourself in life should you take on the duties of parenthood.

Explanation:

Because it is challenging to provide food, shelter, and other requirements of life for a big population, controlling population increase is crucial. If the population is large, the nation cannot be free of poverty. In order to raise a nation's economic standing, population control is crucial.

a rise in height.

better muscle development.

shift in body composition.

Variation in voice.

The sweat glands are sweating more.

Increased oil gland secretions.

creation of auxiliary sex roles.

achieving emotional, intellectual, and mental stability.

Explanation:

Ignorance – a lot of people are unaware of the different approaches accessible.

Many individuals hold to the traditional notion that children are a gift from God.

For economic reasons, poor people believe that having children will help the family's income.

Poor people have a higher mortality rate, meaning that they tend to have more children overall.

Explanation:

Population growth can be managed through measures such as education, awareness campaigns, family planning, improving healthcare, economic development, and government policies. These measures can help individuals make informed decisions about the size of their families and create opportunities for reducing the need for large families to support each other.

Explanation:

(b)

Explanation:

(a)