1. Why do organisms take food?
Answer:
Energy is a necessity for all living things. Abiotic elements like soil, oxygen, water, and sunshine help plants prepare their sustenance and obtain nutrients. In contrast, animals must consume food in order to receive nutrients from either vegetation or other animals; as a result, animals must consume food in order to obtain both nutrients and energy.
2. Distinguish between a parasite and a saprophyte.
Answer:
3. How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?
Answer:
Take two identical container plants. 72 hours should pass with one in the gloom and the other in the sunshine. Use the two plants' leaves to conduct the iodine test in the manner described below. After 3–4 days, conduct the iodine test once more on the foliage of the pot that was previously kept in the shade.
Test for iodine:
Spray the foliage with iodine solution.
Observation:
The leaves of a plant maintained in sunlight will exhibit a blue-black colour, which denotes the existence of starch.
The foliage of plants stored in the darkroom won't exhibit a blue-black colour. This demonstrates the lack of carbohydrate.
4. Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.
4. Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.
Answer:
To make their sustenance, green plants go through a procedure called photosynthesis. The steps are as follows.
The plant's leaves receive water that has been carried from the plant's base.
Through stomata, or pores, carbon dioxide from the air penetrates the foliage. This spreads the chlorophyll-containing cell.
With the aid of sunshine, water molecules are broken down into Hydrogen and Oxygen.
Carbohydrates are created when hydrogen interacts with oxygen and hydrogen.
The following equation describes photosynthesis.
5 Show with the help of a sketch that plants are the ultimate source of food.
Answer:
6 Fill in the blanks
Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
Bathe food synthesised by plants is stored as _________________.
In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called ___________.
During photosynthesis, plants take in ______________________ and release __________________ gas.
Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
Bathe food synthesised by plants is stored as _________________.
In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called ___________.
During photosynthesis, plants take in ______________________ and release __________________ gas.
Answer:
a) Green plants are called autotrophs since they synthesise their food.
Reason - Utilizing absorbed CO2, water, and nutrients like manganese and magnesium, green plants use sun energy to produce food or carbohydrate molecules as glucose C 6H 12O6, which is then stored as starch. Autotrophs are a result.
b) The food synthesised by plants is stored as starch.
Reason- The plant stores the food it has synthesized as glucose. Plant leaves hold starch for later use. Starch is a polymeric carbohydrate that is a nutrient that is kept in plant leaves. It is made up of multiple glucose molecules joined together by glyosidic links. Plants use starch as sustenance and a form of energy storage.
c) In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called chlorophyll.
Reason - In photosynthesis, solar energy is captured by the pigment called chlorophyll. The primary photosynthetic pigment present in all green plants is chlorophyll a. It assists in converting visible light's blue and red wavelengths into chemical energy by absorbing them.
d) During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen gas.
Reason - During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. Water is converted into oxygen and carbon dioxide into glucose as a result.
7 Name the following.
I) a parasitic plant with a yellow, slender and branched stem.
ii) A plant that is partially autotrophic.
iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
7 Name the following.
I) a parasitic plant with a yellow, slender and branched stem.
ii) A plant that is partially autotrophic.
iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
Answer:
I) Cucuta
ii) Pitcher plant
iii) Stomata
8. Tick the correct answer.
(a) Cucuta is an example of:
(I) autotroph
(ii) Parasite
(iii) Saprotroph
(IV) host
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is:
(I) Cucuta
(ii) China rose
(iii) Pitcher plant
(iv) Rose
8. Tick the correct answer.
(a) Cucuta is an example of:
(I) autotroph
(ii) Parasite
(iii) Saprotroph
(IV) host
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is:
(I) Cucuta
(ii) China rose
(iii) Pitcher plant
(iv) Rose
Solution:
(A) (ii) Parasite
Marble or dodder are two of the common names for Cucuta. Marble is officially known as Cucuta chinensis. It belongs to the family Convolvulaceae Cuscuta shows characteristics of Parasitism. Cuscuta wraps itself around its prey. When the prey contains essential food items for the plant, the dodder plant creates haustoria around the host. The mechanism of haustoria involves the insertion of its roots into the vasculature of the host. Cuscuta’s original root system weens off in the soil and eventually dies. Dodder can establish numerous attachments with its host in a similar manner.
(b) (iii) pitcher plant
Pitcher plants catch insects to eat. Being an insectivorous plant, it gets its nutrition from catching and eating a variety of tiny insects. It absorbs many nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from by digesting insects. It has modified leaves, referred to as pitfall traps that are hinged together and bear spines to catch the insects. These plants are found in a wide range of habitats like sandy coastal swamps to Pine Barrens.
9. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II.
9. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II.
Answer:
10. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false.
(I) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T/F)
10. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false.
(I) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T/F)
Answer:
i) False
ii) False
iii) True
iv) True
11. Choose the correct option from the following:
Which part of the plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis?
(i) Root hair (ii) Stomata (iii) Leaf veins (iv) Petals
11. Choose the correct option from the following:
Which part of the plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis?
(i) Root hair (ii) Stomata (iii) Leaf veins (iv) Petals
Answer:
The correct option is (b) Stomata
Stomata are the parts of plants that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for respiration. Some of the contributing variables are listed below: - Stomata, which are pores in the foliage, are used by plants to absorb carbon dioxide from the environment, whereas roots are used to absorb water.
12: Choose the correct option from the following:
Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their:
(I) roots (ii) stem (iii) flowers (IV) leaves
12: Choose the correct option from the following:
Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their:
(I) roots (ii) stem (iii) flowers (IV) leaves
Answer:
The correct option is (IV) Leaves.
Through the tiny openings, or stomata, that are found on the surface of leaves, plants absorb carbon dioxide.
13. Why do farmers grow many fruits and vegetable crops inside large greenhouses? What are the advantages to the farmers?
13. Why do farmers grow many fruits and vegetable crops inside large greenhouses? What are the advantages to the farmers?
Answer:
Large conservatories are used to produce fruit and veggie products because they provide adequate temperature and weather protection from the outside elements.
Advantages to producers while producing fruits and veggie products inside greenhouses are
Crops are shielded from illnesses and bad weather by it.
It shields vegetation from the weather and pests.
