1. Choose the thing that isn't a natural resource from the list below.
(a) Soil (b) Water (c)Electricity (d) Air
1. Choose the thing that isn't a natural resource from the list below.
(a) Soil (b) Water (c)Electricity (d) Air
Explanation:
The electricity option is (c).
Reason : Natural resources include soil, water, and air, whereas people transform various energy sources to create electricity.
2. The world's most quickly depleting natural resource is
(a) water (b) Forests (c) wind (d) The sun
2. The world's most quickly depleting natural resource is
(a) water (b) Forests (c) wind (d) The sun
Explanation:
The solution is (b) trees.
Reason : Resources like water, wind, and sunlight are inexhaustible. Human activities are causing the destruction of forests.
3. The best way to define a natural resource is as a substance or product that is
(a) exclusively found on land
(b) a natural gift that is extremely beneficial to humanity
(c) an artificial substance introduced into nature.
(d) only accessible in the forest
3. The best way to define a natural resource is as a substance or product that is
(a) exclusively found on land
(b) a natural gift that is extremely beneficial to humanity
(c) an artificial substance introduced into nature.
(d) only accessible in the forest
Explanation:
The correct response is (b) a natural gift that is immensely beneficial to humanity.
Reason : Natural resources are found all throughout the world, hence options a) and d) are incorrect. Natural resources are not created by humans, hence option d) is incorrect.
4. The primary reason there are so many coliform bacteria in the Ganga River is
(a) dumping unburned bodies into water
(b) electroplating industry wastewater discharge
(c) Clothes washing .
(d) submerging ashes
4. The primary reason there are so many coliform bacteria in the Ganga River is
(a) dumping unburned bodies into water
(b) electroplating industry wastewater discharge
(c) Clothes washing .
(d) submerging ashes
Explanation:
The solution is (a) dumping unburned bodies into water.
Reason : The majority of coliforms are found in human excreta. Hence, unexcavated remains are the sources of coliform that pollute the water in the Ganga river.
5. A river sample's pH was determined to be between 3.5 and 4.5, which is considered to be acidic. The river's banks were home to a number of factories that discharged effluents into the waterway. Which of the following factories' effluents is most likely to be the reason why river water's pH has decreased?
(a) Factory that makes soap and detergent
(b) Factory producing lead batteries
(c) Factory that manufactures plastic cups
(d) Distillery for alcohol
5. A river sample's pH was determined to be between 3.5 and 4.5, which is considered to be acidic. The river's banks were home to a number of factories that discharged effluents into the waterway. Which of the following factories' effluents is most likely to be the reason why river water's pH has decreased?
(a) Factory that makes soap and detergent
(b) Factory producing lead batteries
(c) Factory that manufactures plastic cups
(d) Distillery for alcohol
Explanation:
The distillery that produces alcohol is (d).
Reason : Lactic acid and alcohol are produced during fermentation. Ethanoic acid is produced as a result of alcohol oxidation. The pH of river water will fall as a result.
6. The pH range where freshwater plants and animals can survive is
(a) 6.5 – 7.5 (b) 2.0 – 3.5 (c) 3.5 – 5.0 (d) 9.0 – 10.5
6. The pH range where freshwater plants and animals can survive is
(a) 6.5 – 7.5 (b) 2.0 – 3.5 (c) 3.5 – 5.0 (d) 9.0 – 10.5
Explanation:
(a): 6.5–7.5
Reason : Freshwater plants and animals can thrive best in environments with a pH that is neutral. The result is (a) 6.5 to 7.5.
7. We can maintain natural resources for future use by following the three R's:
(a) Reuse, regenerate, and recycle
(b) Reduce, Recycle, and Use
(c) Reuse, Reduce, and Redistribute
(d) Reduce, Reuse, and Recycling
7. We can maintain natural resources for future use by following the three R's:
(a) Reuse, regenerate, and recycle
(b) Reduce, Recycle, and Use
(c) Reuse, Reduce, and Redistribute
(d) Reduce, Reuse, and Recycling
Explanation:
Reduce, recycle, and reuse is the solution (d).
8. A few claims on biodiversity are listed below. Choose the ones that most accurately convey the idea of biodiversity.
(i) The term "biodiversity" describes the variety of plant and animal species found in a given location.
(ii) Biodiversity solely pertains to a region's flora.
(iii) In a forest, there is increased biodiversity.
(iv) The total number of members of a specific species residing in a region is referred to as the biodiversity of that area.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iii)
8. A few claims on biodiversity are listed below. Choose the ones that most accurately convey the idea of biodiversity.
(i) The term "biodiversity" describes the variety of plant and animal species found in a given location.
(ii) Biodiversity solely pertains to a region's flora.
(iii) In a forest, there is increased biodiversity.
(iv) The total number of members of a specific species residing in a region is referred to as the biodiversity of that area.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation:
The answer is (c) (i) and (iii)
Reason : Because biodiversity encompasses both flora and fauna and does not refer to a single species, options ii) and iv) are false.
9. Choose the sentences that best explain the idea of sustainable development from the list below.
(i) Strategic growth that causes the least amount of environmental harm
(ii) Expansion regardless of the severity of environmental harm
(iii) Stopping all development in order to protect the environment.
(iv) Development that all stakeholders find acceptable
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) only
9. Choose the sentences that best explain the idea of sustainable development from the list below.
(i) Strategic growth that causes the least amount of environmental harm
(ii) Expansion regardless of the severity of environmental harm
(iii) Stopping all development in order to protect the environment.
(iv) Development that all stakeholders find acceptable
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) only
Explanation:
The answer is (a) (i) and (iv)
Reason : Environment protection should not be sacrificed for economic growth. While human progress is equally vital, options ii) and iii) are false.
10. Huge swaths of forest are removed in our nation in order to cultivate a single kind of plant. This method encourages
(a) biodiversity in the area
(b) the area's monoculture
(c) expansion of the natural forest
(d) protects the local ecosystem's natural resources
10. Huge swaths of forest are removed in our nation in order to cultivate a single kind of plant. This method encourages
(a) biodiversity in the area
(b) the area's monoculture
(c) expansion of the natural forest
(d) protects the local ecosystem's natural resources
Explanation:
The area's monoculture is (b) the correct response.
11. To be effective, a forest protection strategy must include
(a) safeguarding animals at the top trophic level.
(b) simply protecting consumers
(c) only protecting herbivores.
(d) a thorough programme to safeguard all the biological and physical components
11. To be effective, a forest protection strategy must include
(a) safeguarding animals at the top trophic level.
(b) simply protecting consumers
(c) only protecting herbivores.
(d) a thorough programme to safeguard all the biological and physical components
Explanation:
The correct response is (d) an extensive programme to safeguard all the biological and physical components.
Reason : For the survival of forests, biotic and abiotic community balance is crucial, hence response choice d) is correct.
12. The "Chipko Movement" is crucial for spreading the notion that
(a) Include locals in forest conservation initiatives
(b) to disregard the community when attempting to conserve forests
(c) to remove trees from forests for purposes of development
(d) Governmental organisations have the absolute power to order the removal of trees from forests.
12. The "Chipko Movement" is crucial for spreading the notion that
(a) Include locals in forest conservation initiatives
(b) to disregard the community when attempting to conserve forests
(c) to remove trees from forests for purposes of development
(d) Governmental organisations have the absolute power to order the removal of trees from forests.
Explanation:
The solution is (a) to get locals involved in forest conservation initiatives.
13. In our nation, efforts are being made to raise the height of a number of already-existing dams, including the Narmada dams Tehri and Almati. Choose the true statements from the following that are a result of increasing dam height.
(i) The region's terrestrial vegetation and fauna are utterly decimated.
(ii) The displacement of local domestic animals and people
(iii) It's possible to lose valuable agricultural land forever.
(iv) It will help people find long-term work.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
13. In our nation, efforts are being made to raise the height of a number of already-existing dams, including the Narmada dams Tehri and Almati. Choose the true statements from the following that are a result of increasing dam height.
(i) The region's terrestrial vegetation and fauna are utterly decimated.
(ii) The displacement of local domestic animals and people
(iii) It's possible to lose valuable agricultural land forever.
(iv) It will help people find long-term work.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
Explanation:
The answer is (d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
14. Extend the acronym GAP
(a) Governmental Pollution Control Agency
(a) Gross Ingestion During Photosynthesis
(c) Ganga Action Plan
(d) The government's animal protection agency
14. Extend the acronym GAP
(a) Governmental Pollution Control Agency
(a) Gross Ingestion During Photosynthesis
(c) Ganga Action Plan
(d) The government's animal protection agency
Explanation:
The Ganga Action Plan is (c).
15. Choose the false statement
(a) Environmental protection and economic growth are related.
(b) Sustainable development promotes resource conservation for future generations as well as development for the current generation.
(c) Stakeholder perspectives are not taken into account in sustainable development
(d) A long-planned and ongoing development is sustainable development.
15. Choose the false statement
(a) Environmental protection and economic growth are related.
(b) Sustainable development promotes resource conservation for future generations as well as development for the current generation.
(c) Stakeholder perspectives are not taken into account in sustainable development
(d) A long-planned and ongoing development is sustainable development.
Explanation:
The correct response is (c) Sustainable development does not take stakeholders' perspectives into account.
16. Among the following, which one is not a natural resource?
(a) Mango tree (b) A snake (c) Wind (d) A log home
16. Among the following, which one is not a natural resource?
(a) Mango tree (b) A snake (c) Wind (d) A log home
Explanation:
The response is a wooden house, (d).
Reason : Wind, snakes, and mango trees are all examples of natural resources, but wooden houses are man-made.
17. Choose the incorrect statement
(a) Forests offer a range of goods
(b) Forests have a wider variety of plants.
(c) Forests fail to protect soil.
(d) Forests help to conserve water.
17. Choose the incorrect statement
(a) Forests offer a range of goods
(b) Forests have a wider variety of plants.
(c) Forests fail to protect soil.
(d) Forests help to conserve water.
Explanation:
The correct response is (c) forests do not protect soil.
Reason : Forests help to preserve the fertility of the soil by preventing soil erosion and by contributing fertility to the soil through humus.
18. Bengal's Arabari woods are dominated by
(a) Teak (b) Sal (c) Bambusa (d) Mangroove
18. Bengal's Arabari woods are dominated by
(a) Teak (b) Sal (c) Bambusa (d) Mangroove
Explanation:
The response is Sal (b).
19. Groundwater will not run out because
(a) Forestry planting
(b) Thermal power plants
(c) decreasing rainfall and forest cover
(d) cropping of crops with a high water requirement
19. Groundwater will not run out because
(a) Forestry planting
(b) Thermal power plants
(c) decreasing rainfall and forest cover
(d) cropping of crops with a high water requirement
Explanation:
Thermal power plants provide the solution (b).
Reason : Groundwater depletion has little to do with thermal power plants, but afforestation, which causes seepage and water loss, as well as a reduction in rainfall, also has an impact on groundwater levels.
20. Large dam development is opposed because of
(a) Social factors (b) Financial motives (c) Environmental considerations
(d) everything mentioned previously
20. Large dam development is opposed because of
(a) Social factors (b) Financial motives (c) Environmental considerations
(d) everything mentioned previously
Explanation:
Answer: (d) all of the above
Reason : The destruction of an ecosystem close to the dam is a concern for the environment. A social factor is human relocating. Economical factors affect agricultural land and jobs.
21. Older buildings that serve as examples include the Khadins, Bundhis, Ahars, and Kattas.
(a) grain storage
(b) storing wood
(c) collecting water
(d) preservation of the soil
21. Older buildings that serve as examples include the Khadins, Bundhis, Ahars, and Kattas.
(a) grain storage
(b) storing wood
(c) collecting water
(d) preservation of the soil
Explanation:
The response is (c) water collection.
22. Choose the appropriate term or phrase that contains no fossil fuel.
(a) Coal, wind, and ocean
(b) Wind, tide, and kerosene
(c) Wood, sun, wind
(d) Sun, wood, and petroleum
22. Choose the appropriate term or phrase that contains no fossil fuel.
(a) Coal, wind, and ocean
(b) Wind, tide, and kerosene
(c) Wood, sun, wind
(d) Sun, wood, and petroleum
Explanation:
The correct response is (c) Wind, Wood, Sun.
Reason : The solution is (c) Wind, wood, and sun because options a, b, and d all contain fossil fuels such as coal, kerosene, and petroleum.
23. From the following, pick the eco-friendly activity.
(a) Using a car to get around
(b) Shopping with polybags
(c) Coloring clothing using dyes
(d) Utilizing wind turbines to produce electricity for irrigation
23. From the following, pick the eco-friendly activity.
(a) Using a car to get around
(b) Shopping with polybags
(c) Coloring clothing using dyes
(d) Utilizing wind turbines to produce electricity for irrigation
Explanation:
The correct response is d) Irrigation powered by windmills.
Reason : They are not eco-friendly because using a car for transportation, using polybags, and colouring clothes with dyes increases environmental impact.
24. It's crucial to construct tiny check dams across flooded gullies because
(i) save water for irrigation.
(ii) retain moisture and stop soil erosion
(iii) replenish groundwater
(iv) retain water over time
24. It's crucial to construct tiny check dams across flooded gullies because
(i) save water for irrigation.
(ii) retain moisture and stop soil erosion
(iii) replenish groundwater
(iv) retain water over time
Explanation:
Check dams are useful in halting soil erosion. Check dams assist in raising groundwater levels by holding back water.
25. Create a list of five things you use frequently in the classroom (number 25). Determine which products on the list can be recycled.
25. Create a list of five things you use frequently in the classroom (number 25). Determine which products on the list can be recycled.
Explanation:
Paper, a rexin bag, a blade, a pen, a plastic box, a scale, an eraser, a compass and metallic dividers, as well as a steel lunchbox and a steel spoon.
You can recycle paper, blades, plastic containers, erasers, compass, lunchboxes made of steel, and steel spoons.
26. Identify two benefits of water collection at the neighbourhood level.
26. Identify two benefits of water collection at the neighbourhood level.
Explanation:
The following are some benefits of water collection in communities.
The amount of groundwater rises as a result of water harvesting.
Water harvesting decreases water loss by evaporation by keeping the water on the top layer of soil.
27. In a Karnataka village, people began growing crops all around a lake that was constantly full of water. To increase the production, they added fertiliser to their field. The waterbody was soon totally covered in green floating plants, and fish began to perish in great numbers.
Explain the condition and the causes of the lake's dead fish and excessive plant growth.
27. In a Karnataka village, people began growing crops all around a lake that was constantly full of water. To increase the production, they added fertiliser to their field. The waterbody was soon totally covered in green floating plants, and fish began to perish in great numbers.
Explain the condition and the causes of the lake's dead fish and excessive plant growth.
Explanation:
Fertilizer used in agriculture spills to the lakes during rainy seasons. Phosphates and nitrates are substances found in fertilisers, hence water bodies got enriched with them. The water's surface was entirely covered in plants as a result of these chemicals' promotion of excessive aquatic plant growth. (eutrophication)
Fish died because the water body's light level was too low and there wasn't enough dissolved oxygen or nutrition available.
28. If you wanted to save energy in your home, what steps would you take?
28. If you wanted to save energy in your home, what steps would you take?
Explanation:
The steps to reduce power use in your home are as follows.
(i) Replace all of your incandescent bulbs with LED ones.
(ii) When the space/house is unoccupied, turn off the fan and the light.
(iii) By leaving windows open, you'll let more light inside the house and use less electricity during the day.
(iv) Use coolers and air conditioners less frequently.
29. Notwithstanding the fact that coal and petroleum are created by the deterioration of biomass, we nonetheless need to protect them. Why?
29. Notwithstanding the fact that coal and petroleum are created by the deterioration of biomass, we nonetheless need to protect them. Why?
Explanation:
Because coal and petroleum take millions of years to develop, we must conserve them. Petroleum is being used more quickly than it is being created, which could lead to depletion. So, it is imperative that you consume them.
30. Provide a few recommendations for reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
30. Provide a few recommendations for reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Explanation:
(i) Reduce automobile emissions by using public transportation.
(ii) Use CNG or other clean fuels instead.
(iii) Instead of burning it, waste should be turned into manure.
(iv) By growing more trees, we can lower the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide.
31. (a) Identify and name the water reservoirs Figures 16.1 (a) and (b).
(b) Which is superior to the other, and why?
31. (a) Identify and name the water reservoirs Figures 16.1 (a) and (b).
(b) Which is superior to the other, and why?
Explanation:
(i) Figures16.1 (a) and (b) show an ecosystem of a pond and an underground water body, respectively.
(ii) For the following reasons, groundwater bodies are more advantageous than pond ecosystems.
Water won't vaporise.
Wells won't be refilled by water that spreads out. gives a large area moisture.
Animal and human excrement will poison water.
They won't allow bug breeding.
32. Define the terms "reduce," "recycle," and "use" as they relate to the conservation of natural resources. Choose two materials for each category from the materials we use on a regular basis.
32. Define the terms "reduce," "recycle," and "use" as they relate to the conservation of natural resources. Choose two materials for each category from the materials we use on a regular basis.
Explanation:
Reduce
(i) consumption reduction for resources like energy and water, for example.
Recycle
(i) Recycling is returning an old product to the producer so that the components can be used to create another byproduct.
(ii) Plastic buckets and cups, glass jugs, paper, and metal items are a few examples.
Reuse
(i) Reuse is the process of using a material repeatedly rather than discarding it. old envelopes, plastic tote bags, and jam bottles, for instance.
33. Make a list of five things you do each day that could be done with less energy or to conserve natural resources.
33. Make a list of five things you do each day that could be done with less energy or to conserve natural resources.
Explanation:
(a) Plant watering can be done with any leftover water in the water bottle.
(b) Turn off all of the faucets before going to bed.
(c) Avoid watering plants with a hosepipe.
(d) Only wash cars when they are dirty.
(e) Utilize the fan and light just as needed.
(f) Utilize solar water heating equipment.
(g) Replace conventional bulbs/tubes with CFLs.
34. Is it important to conserve water? Don't just say it; back it up.
34. Is it important to conserve water? Don't just say it; back it up.
Explanation:
All terrestrial life need water as a basic element. Water is essential to all living processes and life cannot exist without it.
Water covers 3/4 of the earth, yet the majority of it is in the form of water. So, we are unable to utilise that water for our daily needs. For our survival, we require access to clean, fresh water. Freshwater makes up less than 1% of the planet's total water. Water is therefore scarcely available.
Our needs for water expand as the population does. As a result, people experience water shortages in some places and overuse of the available water in others. Thus, water conservation is essential to save lives.
35. Provide a few effective methods for utilising wastewater.
35. Provide a few effective methods for utilising wastewater.
Explanation:
The following are practical methods for utilising wastewater.
(a) Groundwater can be refilled using wastewater.
(b)Use of wastewater for irrigation
(c) You can wash your car and irrigate your lawn using purified municipal water.
(d) Certain contaminants in sewage water can be used as fertiliser for different crops.
36. How valuable is the forest as a resource?
36. How valuable is the forest as a resource?
Explanation:
The benefits of the forest as a resource are listed below.
(a) Wildlife can find a home, food, and protection in forests.
(b) Forests contribute to the atmosphere's CO2 and O2 balance.
(c) Forests increase the soil's ability to retain water.
(d) Forests control the water cycle.
(e) Forests are the source of all necessary goods, including fuelwood, paper, and pulped wood.
(f) Products from woods, such as fruits, resins, gums, essential oils, bidi wrappers, etc., are valuable.
37. Why are the Bengali Arabari woodlands seen as a good example of forest conservation?
37. Why are the Bengali Arabari woodlands seen as a good example of forest conservation?
Explanation:
The forest agency came up with a plan that included community participation in forest protection. The people received compensation for their labour as well as some advantages during harvesting. On payment of a small charge, they were permitted to harvest wood and feed. The sal forests of Arabari were preserved in this fashion because to the enthusiastic and engaged involvement of the locals.
